高考英語不同體裁文章的閱讀方法-應用文

　　應用文的閱讀方法

　　應用文不同于一般普通的文章，應用文措辭簡潔明了、直截了當。應用文是一種使用范圍比較廣泛的文體，象廣告、書信、列車或飛機的時刻表、產品說明書、宣傳海報、簡明新聞等都屬于應用文，他們的目的都是為了向讀者傳輸信息。在閱讀這類文章時主要是注意細節信息，做題時，根據所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法更有效。

　　了解了應用文的措辭和內容特點，我們在實踐中總結出讀應用文的關鍵是：抓信息。例如：

　　（05江西卷 C段）

　　OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.

　　1．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET

　　Here is a toy that doesn’t need power－and the bike have to put it together themselves. This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room. It also includes eight patients, a car and a driver.  $135; flaxart.com.

　　2．TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL

　　Sure, it’s cool, but this colorful baby toy also develops problem solving and motor skills. It has a head and legs, a magnetic(磁性的) hand and a tail. Suitable for little ones from 6 to 36 months.  $19．95; tinylove.com.

　　3．ROBOSAPIEN

　　This small, remote-control robot is really powerful. It performs 67 preprogrammed functions(功能), including throwing, kicking, picking up and dancing. You can even program your own function-which, sadly, does not include doing windows. $99;  robosapienonline.com.

　　4．MINI PEDAL CAR

　　Want a Mini Cooper but can’t fit the family inside? Get one for the kids. They can jump into this Mini car, which comes in hot orange with a single adjustable(可調的) seat, and ride away. But it could spoil them for that used car they’ll be driving when they turn 16．For ages 3 to 5．$189; miniusA．com  (click on “gear up,” then “Mini motoring gear”).

　　解析：快速scanning，我們知道這是一篇關于兒童玩具的廣告。抓信息是關鍵，要抓住對我們答題有用的信息。我們先看問題，看題目對什么信息提問，這樣就能做到有的放矢，先看64題。

　　64．Which toy is said to have the special design for children’s safety?

　　A．ROBOSAPIEN

　　B．MINI PEDAL CAR

　　C．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET

　　D．TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL

　　該題問哪一個玩具為孩子的安全做了特別的設計？回到原文，我們很快發現在1．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET中有This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room.一句描述，注意句中的soft-edged，我們可得出答案：C。

　　65．Which toy are fit for three-year-old kids?

　　A．1 and 3． B．2 and 4． C．I and 2． D．3 and 4．

　　采用尋讀的方法，很快找到答案：B。

　　66．Educational value is mentioned in all the toys EXCETP _________.

　　A．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET

　　B．TINY LVE ACTIVITY BALL

　　C．ROBOSAPIEN

　　D．MINI PEDAL CAR

　　快速掃描四種玩具的特點，我們很快就能找到相關信息，得出答案：B。

　　67．This passage is written for __________.

　　A．parents B．children C．the writer D．the boss

　　家長才會給孩子買玩具，不言而喻，答案：A。

　　【實戰演練練習二十六】（05山東卷 D篇）

　　Use your American Express Card to enjoy one-day privileges at four of America’s greatest museums. Note the participating museums, and their exciting special exhibitions that you will not want to miss, listed below.

　　Boston

　　Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum

　　Chairs

　　February 11--May 8, 2005

　　Italian furniture expert Fausto Calderai and Indian photographer Dayanita Singh present an exhibition of chairs from the museum’s collection and “chair photographs” from around the world presented in a Venetian-style hall housing world-famous masterpieces.

　　For more information: www.gardnermuseum.org

　　New York

　　The Noguchi Museum

　　Noguchi and Graham

　　December 1, 2004--May 1, 2005

　　Noguchi’s long-term collaboration with dancer Martha Graham is regarded by many as a high point in the history of both modern dance and art. The exhibition highlights nine of the sets created through this collaboration.

　　For more information: www.noguchi.org

　　Philadelphia

　　Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

　　In Full View: American Painting(1720--2005)

　　January 11--April 10, 2005

　　Founded in 1805, the Pennsylvania Academy has been home to America’s artists for 200 years. The Academy collects and exhibits the works of famous American artists, and is well-known for training fine artists. 2005 at the Academy begins with the largest exhibition of Academy’s distinguished American collection in the institution’s history.

　　For more information: www.pafA．org

　　Seattle

　　Seattle Museum of Glass

　　Murano: Glass from the Olnick Spanu Collection

　　Through November 7, 2004

　　This exhibition includes over 200 pieces of beautiful glass from Murano, the island of glassblowers near Venice, Italy. Watch live glass-blowing shows in the Hot Shop and see other modern glass exhibitions.

　　For more information: www.museumofglass.org

　　69．Which of the following websites offers information about the furniture show?

　　A．www.pafA．org   B．www. museumofglass.org

　　C．www.noguchi.org  D．www.gardnermuseum.org

　　70．We learn from the text that Martha Graham is _____.

　　A．a dancer B．a glassblower C．a painter D．a photographer

　　71．If you want to know the history of American painting, you may visit _____.

　　A．the Noguchi Museum  B．Seattle Museum of Glass

　　C．Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum  D．Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

　　【實戰演練練習二十七】（05廣東卷 E篇）

　　HOLIDAYS

　　The Bay Hotel．It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncommercialised Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point．If pop music is no longer your strong point, and you are considering a relaxing holiday where the scenery is breathtaking and the sound of the sea is live music to your ears, come and stay with us．For adults only．Sssh! Don't tell everyone! 01326 280464

　　Willapark Manor Hotel．Peaceful situation in 14 acres of separated gardens and woodland, overlooking picturesque bay．Close to coastal path and beach．Excellent cuisine．Our excellent service brings our guests back year after year．Children (reductions) and pets welcome．01840 770782

　　The Country Garden Hotel．Delightful hotel set in lovely gardens; calm Island of Wight near Tennyson Downs, Great food! Garden, sea view and ground floor rooms．Please call for brochure (服務指南) and sample menu．Adults only and pets welcome．0800 980 1943

　　Boscastle．Romantic 17th Century farmer's cottage in countryside with splendid coastal views．Well-equipped．Sleeps 5．Regret no pets/smoking．Garden with furniture．Brochure; 01633 450417

　　Godshill．4 star self-served units．Non smoking．Sleeps 2 —4．Open all year．Good walks．Close to pubs．Peaceful．Cosy．No pets．Brochure: 01983 840371

　　The Blakeney Hotel．Overlooking harbour, traditional privately owned friendly hotel vi

　　bedrooms, lift, heated indoor pool, spa bath and saunas．Relax, walk, sail, play golf, explore the villages, countryside and coast．Special seasonal midweek price for aged citizens．01263 7407

　　S W France．Rural setting near Cordes．Two beautifully repainted old houses, sleep 4/5 ,Gardens, woodland, pool, views, excellent walks．Available all year round．Outstanding．01962 776967

　　72．All of the following hotels are close to the sea EXCEPT _______.

　　A．S W France  B．The Blakeney Hotel

　　C．Willapark Manor Hotel D．The Country Garden Hotel

　　73．If you want to take your children and your dog with you on holiday, you can choose _________.

　　A．The Country Garden Hotel B．Willapark Manor Hotel

　　C．The Bay Hotel  D．Boscastle

　　74．One of the hotels offers special price for _______.

　　A．young people  B．elderly people

　　C．foreign guests  D．students

　　75．The purpose of the passage is to _______.

　　A．warn B．advise C．describe D．advertise

　　【實戰演練練習二十八】（04上海卷 B篇）

　　(You may read the questions first)

　　Products: mail order

　　Bay 3-piece luggage set for only  ￡69．99                      ALL ORDERS

　　Half price offer                                            DELIVERED

　　Pack with confidence, Travel in Style…. Arrive intact             FREE TO YOUR

　　This elegant luggage is manufactured in a new hard-wearing plastic  DOOR

　　which is strong and very light in weight

　　?Light but hard-wearing

　　?3 locks (2 key and I combination lock )for total security

　　?Supplied with initials for personalization

　　MD 9572 ￡69．99

　　Plan your journey they easy way

　　This portable Traveler will give you directions from A to B

　　anywhere in England, Scotland and Wales. Just enter the start

　　and the end of your journey and the Traveler will work out

　　the quickest route. The Traveler can also estimate the journey time, average speed

　　and fuel consumption. Need to change your journey at any stage?

　　The Traveler will give you a new set of directions. Other features include auto shut-off.

　　And a built-in light for night-time use.

　　Powered by 4AA batteries (not supplied).

　　MD 7437 Traveler ￡69．99

　　How much do you know?

　　Everyone, young and old, enjoys and challenge of quizzers. Our electronic Quizmaster

　　contains 5,400 questions and answers in 6 classifications—general knowledge, sport,

　　science, geography, art and history. Each of these is further divided into 3 skill levels

　　(easy, medium and difficult)so younger children can fairly compete against teenagers and

　　adults. PLUS!

　　Every Quizmaster includes:

　　?8 Games of Hangman

　　?Portune Teller Games

　　?10-digit calculator

　　?long life cell batteries included

　　MD 9569 Quizmaster was ￡19．99 now ￡14．99

　　79．In advertisement 2, the Traveler enables us to learn__________.

　　A．the road conditions from London to Oxfords

　　B．all the garages along the chosen route

　　C．the time and speed of the journey in Britain

　　D．the directions from London to Paris.

　　80．In advertisement 3, the Quizmaster_________.

　　A．contains nothing but 5400 questions      B．can only answer challenging questions

　　C．can be purchased in many shops         D．can be used by people of all

　　81．All these advertisements are aimed at those_________.

　　A．who like to order goods at home     B．who are going to travel abroad

　　C．who do market researches           D．who are interested in intelligence tests